Finite Element Displacement Perturbation Method for Geometric Nonlinear Behaviors of Shells of Revolution Overall Bending in a Meridional Plane and Application toBellows(Ⅱ)
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摘要: 利用(Ⅰ)提出的旋转壳在子午面内整体弯曲的几何非线性摄动有限元法分析了波纹管在纯弯矩、横向力作用下的刚度和应力分布。首先,将其中的一阶摄动解(线性解)和作者曾经提出的中细环壳一般解、初参数积分解进行了比较,以及与他人的实验、有限元分析进行了比较,表明本法具有良好的精度和可靠性,且如(Ⅰ)所指出的那样,波纹管子午线曲率的突变不妨碍一般直线单元的应用。然后,讨论了波纹管的非线性特征,结果显示,波纹管的非线性效应主要来自其环板,而且环板愈宽非线性效应愈大,例如,C型波纹管相当于环板宽度为零的U型波纹管,因而其非线性效应几乎可以忽略不计。此外,在纯弯矩作用下,依线性解波纹管各个波的应力分布是相同的,而依非线解各个波的应力分布是不相同的,但对于常见的波纹管,在工程精度内线性解是有效的。Abstract: The finite-element-displacement-perturbation method (FEDPM) for the geometric nonlinear behaviors of shells of revolution subjected to pure bending moments or lateral forces in one of their meridional planes (Ⅰ) was employed to calculate the stress distributions and the stiffness of the bellows. Firstly, by applying the first-order-perturbation solution (the linear solution) of the FEDPM to the bellows, the obtained results were compared with those of the general solution and the initial parameter integration solution proposed by the present authors earlier, as well as of the experiments and the FEA by others. It is shown that the FEDPM is with good precision and reliability, and as it was pointed out in (Ⅰ) the abrupt changes of the meridian curvature of bellows would not affect the use of the usual straight element. Then the nonliear behaviors of the bellows were discussed. As expected, the nonlinear effects mainly come from the bellows ring plate, and the wider the ring plate is, the stronger the nonlinear effects are. Contrarily, the vanishing of the ring plate, like the C-shaped bellows, the nonlinear effects almost vanish. In addition, when the pure bending moments act on the bellows, each convolution has the same stress distributions calculated by the linear solution and other linear theories, but by the present nomlinear solution they vary with respect to the convolutions of the bellows.Yet for most bellows, the linear solutions are valid in practice.
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