非线性生态系统的复杂动力学行为研究(Ⅰ)
Study on the Complicated Dynamical Behaviors of Nonlinear Ecosystem (Ⅰ)
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摘要: 本文丛拟系统讨论非线性生态系统的复杂动力学行为及其内在机制.本文简要论述了生态学研究日益重要的意义,述评了生态理论落后于社会实践的状况和原因,指出了现代生态学研究所应遵从的程序;比较详细地论述了生态系统的四个基本特征:层次性、开放性、非线性与远离平衡;最后系统地论述了非线性生态系统的平衡与非平衡、稳定与不稳定以及动态行为的外在随机性和动力随机性,指出在非线性生态系统的确定性行为和随机行为之间存在由此及彼的桥梁,由此将导致生态预测新模式.Abstract: This series of papers is prepared to develop systematically the complicated dynamical behaviors of nonlinear ecosystem and its internal mechanism. In this paper, we state briefly the increasing importance of ecology, describe and comment on the situations and reasons why ecology theory is behind practice. Then, we point out a procedure which modern ecology research should obey, and discuss the four basic characteristics of ecosystem in detail: level, opening, nonlinear and far from equilibrium. At last, we discuss systematically equilibrium and nonequilibrium, stable and unstable, environmental stochasticity and dynamical stochasticity, and conclude that there exists a bridge between deterministic behaviors and stochastic behaviors, which will result in a new model for ecological prediction.
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