用切向力法寻求绕铅垂轴旋转导轨上滑动质点的奇异点及其稳条件
Using Tangential Force Method to Detect the Singular Points and to Discriminate Their Stability Conditions of a Movable Mass Point on any Guide Curve Rotating about a Vertical Axis without Friction
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摘要: 迄今一般都用态平面法来寻求绕铅垂轴旋转导轨上滑动质点的奇异点的位置.为同一目的,本文提出了一个新方法,可称为切向力法.与态平面法相比,切向力法在思考和计算两方面都比较简便,尤其当我们应用本文第八节所建立的五个判据为甚. 本文曾在一些有关公式中引进了描述导轨的一般表达函数,俾使求解这类问题时,避免了每次重新进行推导,而能迳把导轨函数代进这些建立的公式.通过建立切向力法,又自切向力等于零和法向力等于零这两个条件得出该两微分方程的解:抛物线导轨和对数线导轨这两条特徵导轨曲线;它们是两族互相正交但非共轭调和函数曲线. 文末曾拟取了九种不同安排的旋转导轨,并先后分别用态平面法,势函数法和切向力法进行了解析.这九种导轨中有七种安排是本文新提出来求解的,它们在以前的篇藉中,作者尚未见到.Abstract: Ever since one has used generally the state plane method to search the singular points and to decide their eq uilibrium state for a mass points sliding on guide ail rotating about a vertical axis with friction disregarded. For the same purpose,this paper presents another method which wight be briefly named "The Tangential Force Method". In contrast with the state plane method,the new method is much simpler both in argumentation and calculation,especially when one resorts to the five criteria in section XIII.Throughout the paper the function for defining the guide rail was introduced,with great endeavor,in the equations newly set up,in order to avoid deducing them each time,i.e.,the useful equations are set up somewhat once for ever.Moreover,the condition of letting the tangential force vanish yields two solutions,the parabolic and the exponential curves of the shape of the guide rails;they are two additional orthogonal curve families although not conjugate harmonics.In the last part of the paper,we present nine examples to show the superiority of this method against the state plane and the potential function methods;seven of the nine examples might be considered as newly introduced in this paper.
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