Research on Method to Calculate Velocities of Solid Phase and Liquid Phase in Debris Flow
-
摘要: 泥石流固液分相流速是泥石流对岸坡、防治结构冲击、磨损机理的核心问题．将泥石流体简化为具有相同粒径的固相和具有相同力学性质的液相，基于泥石流体为沿流动方向的一维两相流体，运用两相流理论建立了泥石流固液分相流速控制方程．构建了泥石流平均压力、彻体力及平均表面力的计算方法，尤其通过浆体的Binhanm体流变方程、Bagnold颗粒相互作用试验成果建立了控制体平均表面力计算方法；建立了固液两相流速比例系数，以及理论固相流速与实际流速的比例系数．据此求解控制方程得到了固液分相流速计算方法，该方法既可同时适用于粘性泥石流和稀性泥石流，也可在泥石流爆发以后通过现场采集沉积物分析反求泥石流爆发期间的分相流速．工程实例分析显示，该方法计算结果与实测结果吻合较好．Abstract: Velocity of solid phase and liquid phase in debris flow are one key problem to research on impact and abrasion mechanism of banks and control structures under action of debris flow.Debris flow was simplified two-phase liquid composed of solid phase with the same diameter particles and liquid phase with the same mechanical features.Assuming debris flow is one dimension two-phase liquid moving to one direction,then general equations of velocities of solid phase and liquid phase were founded in two-phase theory.Methods to calculate average pressures,volume forces and surface forces of debris flow control volume were established.Especially,surface forces were ascertained using Bingham's rheology equation of liquid phase and Bagnold's testing results about interaction between particles of solid phase.Proportional coefficient of velocities between liquid phase and solid phase was put forwarded,meanwhile,divergent coefficient between theoretical velocity and real velocity of solid phase was provided too.To state succinctly before,method to calculate velocities of solid phase and liquid phase was obtained through solution to general equations.The method is suitable for both viscous debris flow and thin debris flow.Additionally,velocities every phase can beidentified through analyzing deposits in-situ after occurring of debris flow.It is obvious from engineering case that in the method it is consistent to that in real-time field observation.
-
[1] 陈洪凯,唐红梅,马永泰,等.公路泥石流研究及治理[M].北京:人民交通出版社，2004,108—121. [2] 杜榕桓,李鸿琏,唐邦兴，等.三十年来的中国泥石流研究[J].自然灾害学报，1995,4(1):64—73. [3] 吴积善,田连权,康志成，等.泥石流及其综合治理[M].北京:科学出版社,1993,170—180. [4] 吴积善,康志成,田连权,等.云南蒋家沟泥石流观测研究[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1990,141—164. [5] Bagnold R A.Experimental on a gravity-free dispersion of large solid spheres in a Newtonian fluid under shear[J].Proc Royal Soc London,Ser A,1954,225:49—63. doi: 10.1098/rspa.1954.0186 [6] 倪晋人,王光谦.泥石流的结构两相流模型Ⅰ：理论[J].地理学报,1998,53(1):66—76. [7] 倪晋人,王光谦.泥石流的结构两相流模型Ⅱ：应用[J].地理学报，1998,53(1):77—85. [8] 倪晋人,王光谦.高浓度恒定固液两相流运动机理探析Ⅰ：理论[J].水利学报,2000,(5):22—26. [9] Richard M lverson.The physics of debris flow[J].Review of Geophysics,1997,35(3):245—296. doi: 10.1029/97RG00426 [10] Ghilardi P,Natale L,Savi F.Modeling debris flow propagation and deposition[J].Phys Chem Earth,2001,26(9):651—656. [11] Tamotsu Takahashi.Debris flow on prismatic open channel[J].Journal of the Hydraulics Division,Proc ASCE,1980,106(HY3):381—396. [12] CHEN Cheng-lung.General solution for visoplastic debris flow[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,(ASCE),1988,114(3):259—282. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1988)114:3(259) [13] 周必凡,李德基,罗德富,等.泥石流防治指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1991,65—70. [14] 王继康.泥石流防治工程技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社，1996,61—64. [15] 陈洪凯,唐红梅.公路泥石流水毁概化模式研究[J].公路,2003,(8):143—148. [16] 陈洪凯,唐红梅,马永泰.公路特大型泥石流研究及治理新理念[J].公路，2004,(2):77—83. [17] 陈洪凯,唐红梅,吴四飞.公路特大型泥石流灾害控制技术研究[J].公路，2004,(3):1—5. [18] 陈洪凯,唐红梅.速流结构防治泥石流的理论及应用[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报，2004,15(1):11—16. [19] 王蓉,翁其能,陈洪凯.冲淤变动型沟谷泥石流防治结构及计算[J].山地学报,2001,19(5):118—122. [20] 陈洪凯,唐红梅,吴四飞.泥石流对速流结构的磨蚀作用研究[J].应用数学和力学，2004,25(11):1150—1156. [21] 钱宁.高含沙水流运动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989,160—162. [22] 张远君,王惠玉,张振鹏,等.两相流体动力学[M].北京：北京航空学院出版社,1987,51—111. [23] 费祥俊,舒安平.泥石流运动机理与灾害防治[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004,280—285. [24] 林建忠.流-固两相拟序涡流及稳定性[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003,3—20. [25] 陈洪凯,唐红梅,马永泰,等.冲淤变动型沟谷泥石流防治结构抗撞关键技术研究报告[R]. (交通部人才专项基金项目)，重庆交通学院，2004,37—45. [26] 陈洪凯,马永泰,唐红梅，等.公路泥石流治理研究及推广应用研究报告[R]. (四川省公路局重点科技项目).重庆：重庆交通学院，2005,60—72. -
计量
- 文章访问数: 2690
- HTML全文浏览量: 128
- PDF下载量: 704
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
渝公网安备50010802005915号