脑组织热-力耦合行为综述

秦璇; 苏丽君; 万秀伟; 陶泽; 孙学超; 卢天健

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.450143

脑组织热-力耦合行为综述

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.450143

秦璇^{1, 2,},
苏丽君^{1, 2},
万秀伟^{1, 2},
陶泽^{1, 2},
孙学超^{1, 2},
卢天健^{1, 2, ,}

1.
南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室, 南京 210016
2.
南京航空航天大学多功能轻量化材料与结构工信部重点实验室, 南京 210016

(我刊编委卢天健来稿)

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 12032010

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划 KYCX24_0543

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划 KYCX24_0535

详细信息

作者简介:
秦璇(2000—)，女，博士生(E-mail: qinxuan@nuaa.edu.cn)

通讯作者:
卢天健(1964—)，男，教授, 博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: tjlu@nuaa.edu.cn)

中图分类号: O34
计量
- 文章访问数: 156
- HTML全文浏览量: 56
- PDF下载量: 39
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-15
- 修回日期: 2024-06-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-01

A Review of Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Behaviors of Brain Tissue

QIN Xuan^{1, 2
,},
SU Lijun^{1, 2},
WAN Xiuwei^{1, 2},
TAO Ze^{1, 2},
SUN Xuechao^{1, 2},
LU Tianjian^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P.R.China
2.
MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P.R.China

(Contributed by LU Tianjian, M. AMM Editorial Board)

摘要

摘要:
脑组织是由固相与液相组成的饱和含液多孔材料，固、液、生理环境(尤其温度)之间相互作用，具体表现为脑组织内部温度场、渗流场、应力场相互影响的热-力耦合行为，故阐明脑组织的热-力耦合行为是理解大脑功能和疾病病理的关键.该文首先介绍了脑组织的传热学和力学性质，重点关注实验测量及应变率和温度的影响；其次，总结了描述脑组织热-力耦合行为的数理模型，包括力学模型、传热学模型和热-力耦合模型；最后，对该重要学科交叉领域进行了总结和展望.
- 脑组织 /
- 力学性质 /
- 热物性 /
- 热-力耦合
Abstract:
The brain is the highest nerve center regulating physiological behaviors and functions. Brain tissue is a saturated porous material composed mainly of solid phase and liquid phase. Interactions between the solid phase, the liquid phase and the physiological environment (temperature in particular) are manifested in the coupled thermo-mechanical behaviors of brain tissue, and affected by internal temperature, seepage and stress fields. Characterization of the coupled thermo-mechanical behaviors of brain tissue is the key to understanding brain function and disease pathology. Firstly, the thermal and mechanical properties of brain tissue measured via different experimental methods were introduced, with a particular focus placed upon the effects of the strain rate and the temperature. Theoretical and numerical models describing the coupled thermo-mechanical behaviors of brain tissues were then summarized, including mechanical models, heat transfer models and coupled thermo-mechanical models. Finally, this important multidisciplinary field was summarized and prospected.
- brain tissue /
- mechanical property /
- thermophysical property /
- thermo-mechanical coupling
edited-by

edited-by
注释:

1) (我刊编委卢天健来稿)

HTML全文

图 1 人体不同组织的力学特性：大脑是人体最柔软的组织^[1]

Figure 1. Mechanical properties of human tissues: brain is the softest tissue in human body ^[1]

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图 2 脑组织的多物理场耦合行为

Figure 2. Multi-physical coupling behaviors of brain tissue

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图 3 速度/应变率与脑组织剪切模量的关系^[68]

Figure 3. Relationships between the loading velocity/strain rate and the brain shear modulus^[68]

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图 4 脑组织剪切模量随温度的变化趋势：图中标注了成像平面上的两个测量区域(ROI 1和ROI 2，白色圆圈)及相应的测量结果μ₁和μ₂^[78]

注为了解释图中的颜色，读者可以参考本文的电子网页版本，后同.

Figure 4. The shear modulus of brain tissue changing with the temperature: 2 ROIs (the white circles) in the imagin plane and corresponding measurement results μ₁ and μ₂ illustrated in each image^[78]

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图 5 等距保持过程中区分脑组织黏弹性和多孔弹性效应的方法示意图^[110]

Figure 5. Schematic of the proposed method for distinguishing viscoelastic and poroelastic effects in brain tissue during the isometric hold testing ^[110]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

A1 脑组织力学性质

A1. Mechanical properties of brain tissue

力学性质	样品来源	数值	测试方法	测试条件	参考文献
弹性模量 E/kPa	牛脑	0.35	非受限压缩法，应变率0.01 s^-1	离体	[72]
	白质，牛灰质，牛	1.895±0.592 1.389±0.289	压痕法，应变率0.004 s^-1	室温，离体	[42]
	白质，大鼠灰质，大鼠	0.294±0.074 0.454±0.053	扫描力显微镜(SFM)压痕法	室温，离体	[73]
	白质，猪灰质，猪	1.787±0.186 1.195±0.157	压痕法	室温，离体	[74]
	牛脑，非灌注牛脑，灌注	46.8±31.3 106.4±73.9	离心实验模拟超重	20±2 ℃，离体	[75]
	猪脑	8.12~29.46 10.86~41.05 16.08~60.73	拉伸法，应变率30 s^-1 拉伸法，应变率60 s^-1 拉伸法，应变率90 s^-1	室温22 ℃，离体	[69]
	白质，猪	0.114±0.026 2.947 0.155	非受限压缩法，平衡模量非受限压缩法，应变率2 s^-1 非受限压缩法，应变率10^-6 s^-1	室温，离体	[71]
	人脑	2.704 0.457	非受限压缩法，应变率2 s^-1 非受限压缩法，应变率0.001 s^-1	室温，离体	[71]
剪切模量 G/kPa	大鼠脑	0.412~0.453	微压痕法, 应变率1.43 s^-1	离体	[76]
	大鼠脑	0.398~0.626	压痕法	在体/离体	[43]
	猪脑	0.195~0.305	振荡剪切法，应变率1 s^-1	37 ℃，离体	[66]
	辐射冠，猪	0.6~1.0	压痕法，应变率0.064 s^-1	室温，离体	[41]
	小脑，小鼠皮质，小鼠髓质，小鼠脑桥，小鼠	2.48~3.14 4.83~7.67 3.81~4.32 5.66~6.51	微压痕法, 应变率10 s^-1	室温22 ℃，离体	[63]
	白质，猪灰质，猪丘脑，猪中脑，猪	0.925~1.209 0.669~0.816 0.943±0.109 0.955±0.137	压痕法	室温，离体	[61]
	胼胝体，人辐射冠，人基底神经节，人皮层，人	0.33±0.18 0.54±0.21 0.56±0.20 1.06±0.36	剪切，准静态加载条件	室温，离体	[77]
	小脑，小鼠	2.11±1.26 3.15±1.66 3.71±1.23	微压痕法，应变率5 s^-1 微压痕法，应变率15 s^-1 微压痕法，应变率30 s^-1	22 ℃，离体	[67]
	皮质，小鼠	4.06±1.69 6.14±3.03 7.05±3.92	微压痕法，应变率5 s^-1 微压痕法，应变率15 s^-1 微压痕法，应变率30 s^-1	22 ℃，离体	[67]
	猪脑	0.311±0.055 0.384±0.038 0.486±0.107 0.546±0.119 0.645±0.071	压痕法，应变率0.002 s^-1 压痕法，应变率0.008 s^-1 压痕法，应变率0.030 s^-1 压痕法，应变率0.061 s^-1 压痕法，应变率0.152 s^-1	室温，离体	[68]
	猪脑，冷冻保存猪脑，22 ℃保存猪脑，37 ℃保存	1.043±0.271 0.714±0.210 0.497±0.156	简单剪切，应变率30 s^-1	22 ℃，离体	[59]
	猪脑	1.20 0.84 0.82 0.84 0.92	横波弹性成像	25 ℃，离体 37 ℃，离体 42 ℃，离体 45 ℃，离体 48 ℃，离体	[78]
切线模量 E_t/kPa	猪脑，冷冻保存猪脑，37 ℃保存	156.7~2 242.9 500.2~4 959.9	SHPB高应变率单轴应力压缩实验，应变率(2 487±72) s^-1	37 ℃，离体，10%应变	[60]
存储模量 G′/kPa	人脑猪脑	1.182~2.224 1.727~3.757	磁共振弹性成像	在体离体	[51]
	白质，人灰质，人脑干，人	0.453~1.903 0.507~1.911 1.270~5.048	振荡剪切实验	37 ℃，离体	[79]
	白质，人白质，人白质，人白质，人	0.866 0.793 0.764 0.754	流变实验	22 ℃，离体 27 ℃，离体 32 ℃，离体 37 ℃，离体	[80]
损耗模量 G″/kPa	人脑猪脑	0.631~1.140 1.233±2.534	磁共振弹性成像	在体离体	[51]
	白质，人灰质，人脑干，人	0.082~0.443 0.124~0.456 0.255~1.032	振荡剪切实验	37 ℃，离体	[79]
	白质，人白质，人白质，人白质，人	0.233 0.186 0.164 0.152	流变实验	22 ℃，离体 27 ℃，离体 32 ℃，离体 37 ℃，离体	[80]
Poisson比 ν	牛脑	0.35	非受限压缩法，应变率0.01 s^-1	离体	[72]
	人脑，非排水人脑，排水	0.5 0.496	非受限压缩法，应变率0.01 s^-1	离体	[81]
	牛脑，非灌注牛脑，灌注	0.326±0.198 0.370±0.188	离心实验模拟超重	20±2 ℃，离体	[75]
	牛脑	0.45~0.47 0.67±0.05	非受限压缩	室温(~25 ℃)，离体，应变5%~10% 室温(~25 ℃)，离体，应变30%	[82]

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A2 脑组织热物性

A2. Thermal properties of brain tissue

热物性	样品来源	数值	测试方法	测试条件	参考文献
密度 ρ/(kg·m^-3)	白质，马脑灰质，马脑	1 038±1.1 1 039±0.9		离体，37 ℃	[99]
密度 ρ/(kg·m^-3)	脑灰质白质	1 046 1 050 1 040		离体，37 ℃	[100]
比热容 c/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	白质，人脑	3 590 3 610 3 640 3 690	DSC	离体，37 ℃ 离体，43 ℃ 离体，50 ℃ 离体，60 ℃	[98]
	灰质，人脑	3 590 3 650 3 650 3 700	DSC	离体，37 ℃ 离体，43 ℃ 离体，50 ℃ 离体，60 ℃	[98]
	胶质母细胞瘤	3 630 3 790 3 740 3 640	DSC	离体，37 ℃ 离体，43 ℃ 离体，50 ℃ 离体，60 ℃	[98]
	脑灰质白质小脑	3 630±74 3 718±36 3 525±73 3 653	DSC	离体，60 ℃	[100]
	人脑	4 160	DSC	离体，60 ℃	[101]
热导率 λ/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	牛脑	0.524±0.010 0.553±0.004 0.563±0.005 0.567±0.011 0.560±0.006 0.697±0.034 2.005±0.057	双针传感器	离体，22 ℃ 离体，33 ℃ 离体，41 ℃ 离体，52 ℃ 离体，66 ℃ 离体，83 ℃ 离体，97 ℃	[88]
	脑灰质白质小脑	0.51±0.02 0.55±0.03 0.48±0.02 0.51±0.00	双针传感器	离体，97 ℃	[100]
	人脑	0.49	双针传感器	离体，97 ℃	[101]
	白质，人灰质，人人脑	0.502 0.565 0.528	探针法	离体	[97]
热扩散系数 a/(10^-6 m²·s^-1)	牛脑	0.136±0.005 0.145±0.001 0.147±0.001 0.149±0.003 0.158±0.003 0.205±0.015 0.373±0.014	双针传感器	离体，22 ℃ 离体，33 ℃ 离体，41 ℃ 离体，52 ℃ 离体，66 ℃ 离体，83 ℃ 离体，97 ℃	[88]
热扩散系数 a/(10^-6 m²·s^-1)	白质，人灰质，人人脑	0.134 0.143 0.138	探针法	离体	[97]
体积热容 C_v/(MJ·m^-3·K^-1)		3.86±0.06		离体，22 ℃
		3.83±0.03		离体，33 ℃
		3.83±0.04		离体，41 ℃
	牛脑	3.81±0.06	双针传感器	离体，52 ℃	[88]
		3.53±0.08		离体，66 ℃
		3.30±0.19		离体，83 ℃
		4.98±0.20		离体，97 ℃
热膨胀系数 α_T/K^-1	海马体，大鼠	5.5×10^-4 1.37×10^-3	DIC	离体，30~40 ℃ 离体，37~40 ℃	[102]
热膨胀系数 α_T/K^-1	狗脑	5×10^-5	密度测量技术	离体，25~37 ℃	[103]

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A3 脑组织数理模型

A3. Mathematical models for brain tissue

模型	内容	优点	不足
超弹性模型	适用于脑组织等类橡胶材料，主要包括Neo-Hookean模型、Mooney-Rivlin模型、Ogden超弹性模型等	可以捕捉脑组织时间无关的拉压不对称性、非线性和大变形行为	现象学模型，不能很好地描述脑组织的时间依赖性，无法准确描述含液多孔脑组织的双相性
黏弹性模型	描述脑组织的弹性与黏性，松弛模量采用Prony级数进行描述	可以描述脑组织的时间依赖性，预测脑组织受力后的蠕变与松弛现象	无法捕捉脑组织的拉压不对称特性，无法准确描述含液多孔脑组织的双相性
多孔弹性模型	基于Biot理论，将脑组织看作由弹性固相和无黏液相组成的一种饱和含液多孔材料	可以考虑脑组织内部孔隙流体的影响，描述流体和固体间的相互作用	经典的Biot多孔弹性模型不含尺度，故不能准确描述固-液界面作用，且不能描述脑组织的滞回行为
多孔黏弹性模型	结合多孔弹性与黏弹性，描述多孔材料的黏弹性行为	考虑了固相、液相之间的相互作用对时间和长度尺度的依赖性	脑组织的复杂性使得多孔黏弹性模型的建立和参数确定具有挑战性，参数确定需要更多的实验数据支持
Pennes生物传热模型	用于描述生物组织中热传递过程的数学模型	考虑了代谢、血液灌注对传热的影响，简单、有效，具有普适性	在某些情况下过于简化，例如忽略了血管之间的相互作用、组织的各向异性以及血液流动的复杂性
热-力耦合模型	考虑温度、饱和度、孔隙率、微观结构等因素的影响，涉及固相/液相与外界环境温度和热量的相互作用	可以描述脑组织流体流动、传热和力学变形耦合行为	存在研究空白，目前的模型大多是基于肝脏、皮肤等生物组织的热-流耦合或热-固耦合模型，缺乏热-流-固耦合模型，模型建立困难

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