气侵钻井过程中井底衡压的节流阀开度控制研究

孔祥伟; 林元华; 邱伊婕; 袁继明

doi:10.3879/j.issn.1000-0887.2014.05.011

气侵钻井过程中井底衡压的节流阀开度控制研究

doi: 10.3879/j.issn.1000-0887.2014.05.011

¹西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610500;²长庆油田勘探开发研究院, 西安 710000

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05022-005-005HZ);国家自然科学基金（51274170）

详细信息

作者简介:
孔祥伟（1982—）,男,黑龙江大庆人，博士生(通讯作者. E-mail: 76922591@qq.com);

中图分类号: O352
计量
- 文章访问数: 1577
- HTML全文浏览量: 173
- PDF下载量: 1222
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-11-06
- 修回日期: 2014-03-03
- 刊出日期: 2014-05-15

Research on the Throttle Valve Opening Degree Control to Keep Bottomhole Pressure in Balance When Gas Influx Occurs During Drilling Operations

¹State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P.R.China;²Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Changqing Oil Field, Xi’an 710000, P.R.China

Funds: The National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2011ZX05022-005-005HZ)；The National Natural Science Foundation of China（51274170）

摘要

摘要: 基于钻井中的多相流控制体方程，建立了井底衡压的节流阀套压补偿控制模型，通过节流阀的实时调节可补偿气相滑脱压降，使井底压力与地层压力保持平衡.结果表明，气侵发现得越早，井底衡压控制越容易实现，气侵早期发现依靠井底气侵监测装置；当发现井底气侵时，大幅调节节流阀开度，使节流阀产生的套压快速平衡地层压力，此时根据井底欠压差的变化调节节流阀；随气体沿环空上移，微调节流阀开度，实时平衡气体滑脱产生的压降，此时调节节流阀依靠补偿控制模型；随气体循环出井口，环空中呈现0气流，节流阀开度及套压趋于稳定.
- 衡压钻井 /
- 节流阀开度 /
- 气液两相 /
- 环空 /
- 流量系数
Abstract: Based on the micro control body equations of multiphase flow for drilling operation, a model for compensation balance control of back pressure was proposed to adjust the throttle valve in real-time through compensation for gas slippage pressure drop, which can maintain balance between bottomhole pressure and formation pressure. Results show that the earlier the gas influx is detected, the easier the balance of bottomhole pressure can be achieved. The early detection of gas influx relies on the downhole detection tools. When gas influx occurs in the bottomhole, the throttle valve opening degree should be adjusted sharply to balance the formation pressure rapidly with the back pressure. Adjustment of the throttle valve opening degree depends on the change of pressure difference in the bottomhole. As the gas migrates upwards along the annulus, the throttle valve should be adjusted slightly in real-time to balance the pressure drop generated by gas slippage according to the compensation balance control model. When the gas flow away from the wellhead with the circulation, 0 gas flow appears in the annulus, and the throttle valve opening degree and back pressure tend to be stable.
- balance pressure drilling /
- throttle valve opening degree /
- gas-liquid two-phase /
- annulus /
- flow coefficient

HTML全文

参考文献(15)

[1]	Santos H, Leuchtenberg C, Shayegi S. Micro-flux control: the next generation in drilling process for ultra-deepwater[C]//Offshore Technology Conference.Houston, Texas, 2003.
[2]	Davoudi M, Smith J R, Patel B M, Chirinos J E. Evaluation of alternative initial responses to kicks taken during managed pressure drilling[C]//IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition.New Orleans, Louisiana, 2010.
[3]	Hutin R, Tennent R W, Kashikar S V. New mud pulse telemetry techniques for deepwater applications and improved real-time data capabilities[C]//SPE/IADC Drilling Conference.Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2001.
[4]	范军. 油气井动态井控理论模型及计算机仿真研究[D]. 博士学位论文. 南充: 西南石油学院, 1998.(FAN Jun. Researches on the dynamic model and computer simulation of well control in oil and gas wells[D]. PhD Thesis. Nanchong: Southwest Petroleum Institute, 1998.（in Chinese））
[5]	LIN Yuan-hua, KONG Xiang-wei, QIU Yi-jie, YUAN Qi-ji. Calculation analysis of pressure wave velocity in gas and drilling mud two-phase fluid in annulus during drilling operations[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2013,2013. ID: 318912.
[6]	Saeed S, Lovorn R, Knudsen K A. Automated drilling systems for MPD C- the reality[C]//IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition.San Diego, California, 2012.
[7]	Bacon W A. Consideration of compressibility effects for applied-back-pressure dynamic well control response to a gas kick in managed pressure drilling operations[D]. PhD Thesis. Arlington: The University of Texas at Arlington, 2011.
[8]	Zhou J, Nygaard G. Automatic model-based control scheme for stabilizing pressure during dual-gradient drilling[J].Journal of Process Control,2011,21(8): 1138-1147.
[9]	Vieira P, Torres F, Qamar R A, Marin G E. Down hole pressure uncertainties related to deep wells drilling are safely and precisely ascertained using automated MPD technology[C]//North Africa Technical Conference and Exhibition.Cairo, Egypt, 2012.
[10]	陈家琅, 陈涛平. 石油气液两相管流[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2009.（CHEN Jia-lang, CHEN Tao-ping.Petroleum Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Pipe Flow[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2009.（in Chinese））
[11]	周艳. 大庆油田环空压力精确计算与控制技术研究[D]. 硕士学位论文. 大庆: 东北石油大学, 2011.(ZHOU Yan. The study of precise calculate and control of annular pressure technology in Daqing oil field[D]. Master Thesis. Daqing: Northeast Petroleum University, 2011.（in Chinese））
[12]	蔡宗熙. 细杆空间大挠度问题的基本方程及其在钻井工程中的应用[J]. 应用数学和力学, 1993,14(12): 1049-1056.(CAI Zong-xi. Fundamental equations of large spatial deflection problems of rods and its application to drilling engineering[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1993,14(12): 1049-1056.（in Chinese））
[13]	汪海阁, 苏义脑. Robertson-Stiff流体在偏心环空中的流动[J]. 应用数学和力学, 1998,19(10): 931-940.(WANG Hai-ge, SU Yi-nao. Flow of Robertson-Stiff fluids through an eccentric annulus[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1998,19(10): 931-940.（in Chinese））
[14]	王果, 樊洪海, 刘刚. 井底常压控制压力钻井设计计算[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2011,38(1): 103-108.(WANG Guo, FAN Hong-hai, LIU Gang. Design and calculation of a MPD model with constant bottom hole pressure[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(1): 103-108.（in Chinese））
[15]	王晓冬, 刘慈群. 箱式封闭油藏中水平井压力分析[J]. 应用数学和力学, 1998,19(4): 291-296.(WANG Xiao-dong, LIU Ci-qun. Horizontal well pressure analysis in box-bounded reservoirs[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1998,19(4): 291-296.（in Chinese））