环空固相沉降对深水圈闭压力的影响机制及预测模型研究

孔祥伟; 温帅; 谢广宇; 吴红建

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.450247

环空固相沉降对深水圈闭压力的影响机制及预测模型研究

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.450247

孔祥伟^{1, 2, 3,},
温帅^{1, 2, 3, ,},
谢广宇^{1, 2, 3},
吴红建^{1, 2, 3}

1.
长江大学石油工程学院，武汉 430100
2.
低碳催化与二氧化碳利用全国重点实验室，武汉 430100
3.
油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心(长江大学)，武汉 430100

基金项目:

国家人才专项基金 SQ2022QB05933

详细信息

作者简介:
孔祥伟(1982—)，男，教授，博士生导师(E-mail: 76922591@qq.com)

通讯作者:
温帅(1998—)，男，硕士生(通讯作者. E-mail: 514706493@qq.com)

中图分类号: O347.4
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- 文章访问数: 121
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-10
- 修回日期: 2025-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2025-12-01

Study on the Influence Mechanism of Annular Solid Phase Settling on Deepwater Trapped Pressure and the Prediction Model

KONG Xiangwei^{1, 2, 3
,},
WEN Shuai^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
XIE Guangyu^{1, 2, 3},
WU Hongjian^{1, 2, 3}

1.
School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, P.R.China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization, Wuhan 430100, P.R.China
3.
National Engineering Research Center for Oil and Gas Drilling and Completion Technology (Yangtze University), Wuhan 430100, P.R.China

摘要

摘要: 深水油气开采作业中，精准预测环空圈闭压力对保障油气井安全、优化开采流程以及延长油气井使用寿命具有决定性意义. 本研究聚焦水基环空液体，系统测试了多种沉降时间下的密度及热物性参数，梳理出固相沉降对液体参数的影响规律. 基于定容热力学定律，考虑固相沉淀、液体热物性参数动态变化等关键因素，提出了适用于气井的多环空耦合圈闭压力计算方法. 将该方法的计算结果与水下井口实测圈闭压力对比，二者最大误差仅为8.91%. 以海上某典型采气井为具体实例，运用.Net语言编写程序，对所构建的模型进行求解运算. 结果表明，考虑固相沉降对环空液体密度影响极为显著，随着沉降时间的持续增加，液体密度呈现出明显的下降趋势. 经过7 d的测试，钻井液密度从初始的1.7 g/cm³逐步降低至1.23 g/cm³并趋于稳定，密度降幅高达27.65%. 随着井深增加、采气量上升、钻井液等压膨胀系数以及等温压缩系数增大，环空圈闭压力均呈现增大趋势. 在流体热物性相同的情况下，环空圈闭压力受环空封闭体积的影响尤为突出：第1环空圈闭压力达到23.2 MPa；第2环空圈闭压力为15.53 MPa；第3环空圈闭压力则为7.69 MPa. 对比井口油管位移与井底情况时发现，井口油管位移最大距离从1.69×10^-6 m减小至6.1×10^-7 m，井口油管位移距离约为井底的2.77倍. 环空圈闭压力的准确求解，能够为校核管柱安全系数、评估井口抬升风险以及优化水泥返高设计等实际工程作业，提供极为关键的理论依据与数据支撑，有力推进深水油气开采作业安全、高效开展.
- 深水气井 /
- 环空圈闭压力 /
- 等压膨胀系数 /
- 固相沉降 /
- 环空压力
Abstract: In deepwater oil and gas production operations, accurately predicting the annular trapped pressure is of decisive significance for ensuring the safety of oil and gas wells, optimizing the production process, and extending the service life of oil and gas wells. The water-based annular fluids were investigated and the density and thermophysical property parameters under various settlement times were systematically tested, and the influence law of solid-phase settlement on the fluid parameters was sorted out. Based on the law of constant-volume thermodynamics, in view of key factors such as solid-phase settlement and dynamic changes in the thermophysical property parameters of the fluids, a calculation method for the multi-annular coupled trapped pressures applicable to gas wells was proposed. Through comparison of the calculation results of this method with the measured trapped pressure data at the underwater wellhead, the maximum error between the 2 is only 8.91%. With a typical offshore gas production well as a specific example, a program was developed with the.Net language to solve and operate the constructed model. The results show that, the solid-phase settlement has an extremely significant effect on the density of the annular fluid. With the continuous increase of the settlement time, the fluid density shows an obvious downward trend. After a 7 d test, the drilling fluid density gradually decreases from the initial value of 1.7 g/cm³ to 1.23 g/cm³ and tends to be stable, with a density reduction of up to 27.65%. With the well depth increase, the gas production rate rise, the isobaric expansion coefficient uplift and the drilling fluid isothermal compression coefficient growth, the annular trapped pressure always shows an increasing trend. Under the condition of the same thermophysical property of the fluid, the annular trapped pressure is particularly affected by the closed volume of the annulus. The trapped pressure in the 1st annulus is 23.2 MPa, that in the 2nd is 15.53 MPa, and that in the 3rd is 7.69 MPa. In addition, the comparison of the tubing displacement at the wellhead with that at the bottom of the well indicates that, the maximum tubing displacement at the wellhead decreases from 1.69×10^-6 m to 6.1×10^-7 m, and the tubing displacement at the wellhead is about 2.77 times that at the bottom. The accurate solution of the annular trapped pressure can provide an extremely crucial theoretical basis and data support for practical engineering operations such as checking the pipe string safety factor, evaluating the wellhead uplift risk, and optimizing the cement return height design, and effectively contribute to the safe and efficient development of deepwater oil and gas production operations.
- deepwater gas well /
- annular trapped pressure /
- isobaric expansion coefficient /
- solid-phase settlement /
- annular pressure

HTML全文

图 1 环空体积圈闭井身结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the wellbore structure with an annular volume trap

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图 2 考虑固相沉降的不同时间钻井液密度变化测试数据

Figure 2. Test data of drilling fluid density changes at different moments considering solid-phase settling

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图 3 考虑固相沉降钻井液等温压缩系数测试数据

Figure 3. Test data of isothermal compression coefficients of drilling fluid considering solid-phase settling

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图 4 考虑固相沉降钻井液等压膨胀系数测试数据

Figure 4. Test data of isobaric expansion coefficients of drilling fluid considering solid-phase settling

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图 5 环空圈闭压力求解流程图

Figure 5. The flow chart for solving annular trap pressure

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图 6 南海深水高温高压气井X井现场实测数据与计算结果对比^[22]

Figure 6. Comparison between field-measured data and calculated results of well X (a deepwater high-temperature and high-pressure gas well) in the South China Sea^[22]

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图 7 第1环空不同产气量油管温度变化分析

Figure 7. Analysis of temperature changes in oil pipes with different gas production rates

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图 8 不同产气量环空1—3圈闭压力分析

Figure 8. Analysis of trap pressures in annulus 1- annulus 3 with different gas production rates

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图 9 不同沉降天数对第1环空钻井液圈闭压力

Figure 9. The effects of different settlement days on the pressure of the 1st annular liquid trap

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图 10 沉降稳定条件下的环空1-3圈闭压力分析

Figure 10. Analysis of trap pressures in annulus 1- annulus 3 under stable settlement conditions

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图 11 圈闭引起的套管位移变化分析

Figure 11. Changes in casing displacements caused by trapping

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图 12 不同井深圈闭压力分析

Figure 12. Analysis of trapped pressures at different well depths

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表 1 第1—3环空管柱内外径特性参数

Table 1. Key parameters of tubing outer and inner diameters in the 1st to 3rd annuluses

parameter	tube	1st annulus	2nd annulus	3rd annulus
outer diameter/mm	88.9	177.8	244.5	339.7
inner diameter/mm	73	166.1	216.8	320.4
Poisson’s ratio	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
expansion coefficient	0.000 018 2	0.000 018 2	0.000 018 2	0.000 018 2
modulus/GPa	205	205	205	205

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表 2 不考虑钻井液固相沉降圈闭压力误差数据对比表

Table 2. Comparison of pressure error data for solid phase settling traps without regard to drilling fluid solid phase settling

well depth/m		100	1 200	1 800	2 400	3 000	3 600	4 200	4 800	5 400	6 000
without settling	trapped pressure /MPa	1.50	6.78	9.44	11.95	14.30	16.50	18.54	20.42	22.16	23.20
3 d of settling	trapped pressure/MPa	1.10	5.24	7.28	9.16	10.89	12.46	13.88	15.15	16.26	16.90
3 d of settling	without error/%	26.82	22.75	22.93	23.32	23.84	24.43	25.10	25.82	26.61	27.16
5 d of settling	trapped pressure/MPa	0.84	4.29	5.96	7.47	8.83	10.03	11.07	11.97	12.70	13.10
5 d of settling	without erro/%	44.24	36.70	36.90	37.48	38.28	39.21	40.26	41.41	42.66	43.53
7 d of settling	trapped pressure/MPa	0.50	3.50	4.91	6.17	7.28	8.23	9.03	9.68	10.16	10.40
7 d of settling	without erro/%	66.95	48.45	47.97	48.32	49.07	50.08	51.27	52.62	54.12	55.17

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