The Theory and Parameter Identification for the Graphite Block Collision Model
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摘要: 石墨堆芯作为气冷反应堆的核心构件，在地震载荷作用下可能因构件间隙引发碰撞，直接影响反应堆安全，研究其碰撞动力学特性对核工程安全评估具有重要意义. 核设备的抗震分析常对整体系统进行简化后(如模态叠加法)开展高效动力学计算，因此寻找线性化的堆芯碰撞行为分析模型非常必要. 首先，基于石墨块的碰撞行为开展了经典的L-N碰撞模型和Kelvin碰撞模型，并开展了线性简化模型的建模理论分析；然后，探讨了模型参数对其碰撞行为的影响规律，进而提出了一种碰撞模型参数的迭代识别算法；最后，搭建了一套石墨块的碰撞试验系统，采集了不同初速度下的碰撞响应并对碰撞特征量进行了统计分析，实现了碰撞模型的参数识别和线性等效模型的有效性验证. 研究工作可为含石墨堆芯等碰撞构件的核设备抗震分析模型提供重要参考依据.Abstract: The graphite core, as the crucial component of a gas-cooled reactor, may trigger collision due to the gap between components under seismic loads, to affect the safety of the reactor. Studying its collision dynamic characteristics is of great significance for the safety assessment of nuclear engineering. For seismic analysis of nuclear equipment, the whole system is often simplified (such as the modal superposition method) to carry out efficient dynamic calculations, so it is necessary to find a linearized core collision behavior analysis model. The classical L-N collision modeling, the Kelvin collision modeling, and the modeling theory analysis of the linear simplified model were carried out based on the collision behaviors of graphite blocks. Then, the effects of model parameters on its collision behaviors were discussed, and an iterative recognition algorithm for model parameters was proposed. Finally, a dedicated collision test system for graphite blocks was established. The collision responses under various initial velocities were measured, to enable the statistical analysis of collision characteristics, the parameter identification for the collision model, and the validation of the linear equivalent model. This study can provide an important reference for the seismic analysis model for nuclear equipment containing graphite cores and other collision components.
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Key words:
- graphite core /
- clearance /
- collision model /
- parameter identification /
- collision experiment
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图 1 两石墨块碰撞模型示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the collision model of 2 graphite blocks
图 3 两种碰撞模型下石墨块的碰撞位移、速度和加速度曲线
注 为了解释图中的颜色，读者可以参考本文的电子网页版本，后同.
Figure 3. Collision displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of graphite blocks under 2 collision models
图 4 碰撞刚度系数对最大碰撞力、最大碰撞位移、碰撞时间和实际恢复系数的影响
Figure 4. Effects of the collision stiffness on maximum collision forces, maximum collision displacements, collision time lengths and actual recovery coefficients
图 5 预设碰撞恢复系数对最大碰撞力、最大碰撞位移、碰撞时间和实际恢复系数的影响
Figure 5. Effects of the default collision recovery coefficient on maximum collision forces, maximum collision displacements, collision time lengths and actual recovery coefficients
图 6 施碰初速度对最大碰撞力、最大碰撞位移、碰撞时间和恢复系数的影响
Figure 6. Effects of the initial collision velocity on maximum collision forces, maximum collision displacements, collision time lengths and actual recovery coefficients
图 8 石墨块碰撞装置与传感器安装实物图
Figure 8. The graphite block collision device and sensors installation
图 9 石墨块碰撞加速度和速度响应曲线
Figure 9. Graphite block collision acceleration and velocity curves
图 10 两种碰撞模型模拟结果与试验结果的对比
Figure 10. Comparison of simulation results of 2 collision models and experimental results
表 1 不同冲锤高度时石墨块碰撞试验结果
Table 1. Experimental results of graphite block collisions at different hammer heights
hammer height/cm initial velocity(m/s) collision time length/ms recovery coefficient mean standard deviation mean standard deviation mean standard deviation 0.2 0.380 0.044 0.264 0.030 0.758 0.081 2.0 0.894 0.105 0.209 0.044 0.745 0.109 4.0 1.344 0.080 0.194 0.028 0.771 0.101 6.0 1.695 0.103 0.180 0.025 0.781 0.103 
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